What complication may result from malabsorption?

• A. Vitamin deficiencies
• B. Dehydration
• C. Obesity
• D. Hypertension

Answer: (A)

When the gut can’t absorb nutrients properly, the body isn’t getting the vitamins it needs to function, so vitamin deficiencies become the most likely complication. Malabsorption directly reduces the intake of both fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K) and various water-soluble vitamins, leading to problems like vision changes and immune issues (A), bone weakness and mineral balance issues (D), bleeding problems (K), and anemia or neuropathy from deficiencies in B vitamins and iron. Dehydration can occur with diarrhea, but it isn’t the defining consequence of malabsorption, and obesity or hypertension aren’t direct, typical outcomes.